Developmental Stage: Pluripotency Average behavior of each cluster (grey) included in this stage (average in red). Click line to view cluster details. Associated Clusters 5 6 7 9 10 15 20 22 26 27 31 35 42 47 50 51 53 57 59 60 63
Gene Ontology Associations This stage is associated with 660 GO categories. Scroll to view the whole list. 'de novo' IMP biosynthetic process 'de novo' posttranslational protein folding 'de novo' protein folding 7-methylguanosine RNA capping acetyl-CoA biosynthetic process from pyruvate acetyl-CoA metabolic process actin cytoskeleton organization actin filament organization actin filament-based process acyl-CoA metabolic process aerobic respiration alcohol biosynthetic process alpha-amino acid biosynthetic process alpha-amino acid catabolic process alpha-amino acid metabolic process amine metabolic process amino acid activation amino acid salvage anaphase-promoting complex-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process anatomical structure homeostasis antigen processing and presentation antigen processing and presentation of exogenous antigen antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I, TAP-dependent antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I apical junction assembly apoptotic process apoptotic signaling pathway aromatic compound biosynthetic process aromatic compound catabolic process aspartate family amino acid biosynthetic process aspartate family amino acid catabolic process aspartate family amino acid metabolic process ATP catabolic process ATP metabolic process ATP synthesis coupled electron transport ATP synthesis coupled proton transport ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling base-excision repair biological regulation biological_process biosynthetic process blood coagulation carbohydrate catabolic process carboxylic acid biosynthetic process carboxylic acid metabolic process catabolic process cell activation cell cycle cell cycle arrest cell cycle checkpoint cell cycle phase cell cycle process cell death cell division cell junction assembly cell junction organization cell proliferation cell redox homeostasis cell-cell junction assembly cell-cell junction organization cellular amine metabolic process cellular amino acid biosynthetic process cellular amino acid catabolic process cellular amino acid metabolic process cellular aromatic compound metabolic process cellular biosynthetic process cellular catabolic process cellular component assembly cellular component biogenesis cellular component organization cellular component organization or biogenesis cellular ketone metabolic process cellular localization cellular macromolecular complex assembly cellular macromolecule biosynthetic process cellular macromolecule catabolic process cellular macromolecule localization cellular macromolecule metabolic process cellular membrane organization cellular metabolic process cellular modified amino acid biosynthetic process cellular modified amino acid metabolic process cellular nitrogen compound biosynthetic process cellular nitrogen compound catabolic process cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process cellular process cellular process involved in reproduction cellular protein catabolic process cellular protein complex assembly cellular protein localization cellular protein metabolic process cellular protein modification process cellular respiration cellular response to chemical stimulus cellular response to cytokine stimulus cellular response to organic substance cellular response to stimulus cellular response to stress cellular response to zinc ion CENP-A containing nucleosome assembly at centromere centromere complex assembly centrosome cycle centrosome duplication centrosome organization cholesterol biosynthetic process chromatin remodeling chromatin remodeling at centromere chromosome condensation chromosome organization chromosome segregation coagulation coenzyme biosynthetic process coenzyme metabolic process cofactor biosynthetic process cofactor metabolic process columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell maturation CRD-mediated mRNA stabilization cytokine-mediated signaling pathway cytoplasmic transport cytoskeleton organization death deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process DNA catabolic process DNA catabolic process, exonucleolytic DNA conformation change DNA damage checkpoint DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in cell cycle arrest DNA double-strand break processing DNA duplex unwinding DNA geometric change DNA integrity checkpoint DNA metabolic process DNA modification DNA recombination DNA repair DNA replication DNA replication checkpoint DNA replication initiation DNA replication, synthesis of RNA primer DNA replication-independent nucleosome assembly DNA replication-independent nucleosome organization DNA strand elongation DNA strand elongation involved in DNA replication DNA strand renaturation DNA topological change DNA unwinding involved in replication DNA-dependent DNA replication DNA-dependent transcription, elongation DNA-dependent transcription, initiation DNA-dependent transcription, termination double-strand break repair double-strand break repair via homologous recombination double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining electron transport chain energy coupled proton transport, down electrochemical gradient energy derivation by oxidation of organic compounds establishment of localization establishment of localization in cell establishment of protein localization to mitochondrion establishment of protein localization to organelle establishment of RNA localization execution phase of apoptosis exonucleolytic nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process involved in deadenylation-dependent decay folic acid-containing compound metabolic process G1/S transition checkpoint G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle G2 phase G2 phase of mitotic cell cycle G2/M transition checkpoint G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle gap junction assembly gene expression gene silencing generation of precursor metabolites and energy glomerular visceral epithelial cell differentiation glucose catabolic process glucose metabolic process glucose transport glutamine family amino acid biosynthetic process glutamine family amino acid metabolic process glycosyl compound biosynthetic process glycosyl compound catabolic process glycosyl compound metabolic process heme metabolic process hemostasis heterocycle biosynthetic process heterocycle catabolic process heterocycle metabolic process hexose catabolic process hexose metabolic process hexose transport histone exchange histone mRNA metabolic process immune system process IMP biosynthetic process in utero embryonic development induction of apoptosis induction of programmed cell death inner mitochondrial membrane organization interaction with host interphase interphase of mitotic cell cycle interspecies interaction between organisms intracellular protein transmembrane import intracellular protein transmembrane transport intracellular protein transport intracellular signal transduction intracellular transport intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway L-lysine catabolic process L-lysine catabolic process to acetyl-CoA L-lysine metabolic process L-methionine biosynthetic process L-methionine salvage L-methionine salvage from methylthioadenosine L-serine biosynthetic process L-serine metabolic process lysine catabolic process lysine metabolic process M phase M phase of mitotic cell cycle M/G1 transition of mitotic cell cycle macromolecular complex assembly macromolecular complex subunit organization macromolecule biosynthetic process macromolecule catabolic process macromolecule localization macromolecule metabolic process macromolecule methylation macromolecule modification maturation of 5.8S rRNA maturation of 5.8S rRNA from tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, LSU-rRNA) meiotic cell cycle membrane organization metabolic process methionine biosynthetic process methionine metabolic process methylation microtubule organizing center organization mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled electron transport mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled proton transport mitochondrial DNA metabolic process mitochondrial fission mitochondrial membrane organization mitochondrial RNA metabolic process mitochondrial RNA processing mitochondrial translation mitochondrial transport mitochondrion organization mitosis mitotic cell cycle mitotic cell cycle checkpoint mitotic cell cycle G1/S transition checkpoint mitotic cell cycle G1/S transition DNA damage checkpoint mitotic cell cycle spindle assembly checkpoint mitotic cell cycle spindle checkpoint mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition mitotic prometaphase mitotic recombination modification-dependent macromolecule catabolic process modification-dependent protein catabolic process monosaccharide catabolic process monosaccharide metabolic process monosaccharide transport mRNA 3'-end processing mRNA catabolic process mRNA export from nucleus mRNA metabolic process mRNA processing mRNA splicing, via spliceosome mRNA transport multi-organism cellular process multi-organism process multi-organism reproductive process NADPH regeneration ncRNA 3'-end processing ncRNA metabolic process ncRNA processing negative regulation of biological process negative regulation of catalytic activity negative regulation of cell cycle negative regulation of cell cycle process negative regulation of cellular component organization negative regulation of cellular metabolic process negative regulation of cellular process negative regulation of cellular protein metabolic process negative regulation of G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle negative regulation of ligase activity negative regulation of macromolecule metabolic process negative regulation of metabolic process negative regulation of mitosis negative regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition negative regulation of molecular function negative regulation of mRNA processing negative regulation of mRNA splicing, via spliceosome negative regulation of nuclear division negative regulation of organelle organization negative regulation of protein metabolic process negative regulation of protein modification process negative regulation of protein ubiquitination negative regulation of RNA splicing negative regulation of translation negative regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity negative regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity involved in mitotic cell cycle neural fold formation nitrogen compound metabolic process nitrogen compound transport non-recombinational repair nuclear division nuclear export nuclear pore complex assembly nuclear pore organization nuclear transport nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, exonucleolytic nucleic acid metabolic process nucleic acid phosphodiester bond hydrolysis nucleic acid transport nucleobase biosynthetic process nucleobase-containing compound biosynthetic process nucleobase-containing compound catabolic process nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process nucleobase-containing compound transport nucleobase-containing small molecule interconversion nucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic process nucleocytoplasmic transport nucleoside biosynthetic process nucleoside catabolic process nucleoside metabolic process nucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process nucleoside monophosphate metabolic process nucleoside phosphate biosynthetic process nucleoside phosphate catabolic process nucleoside phosphate metabolic process nucleoside salvage nucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process nucleoside triphosphate catabolic process nucleoside triphosphate metabolic process nucleotide biosynthetic process nucleotide catabolic process nucleotide metabolic process nucleotide-excision repair nucleus organization organelle assembly organelle fission organelle organization organic acid biosynthetic process organic acid metabolic process organic cyclic compound biosynthetic process organic cyclic compound catabolic process organic cyclic compound metabolic process organic hydroxy compound biosynthetic process organic substance biosynthetic process organic substance catabolic process organic substance metabolic process organic substance transport organonitrogen compound biosynthetic process organonitrogen compound catabolic process organonitrogen compound metabolic process organophosphate biosynthetic process organophosphate catabolic process organophosphate metabolic process outer mitochondrial membrane organization oxidation-reduction process oxidative phosphorylation oxidoreduction coenzyme metabolic process oxoacid metabolic process pentose biosynthetic process pentose metabolic process pentose-phosphate shunt pentose-phosphate shunt, non-oxidative branch phosphate-containing compound metabolic process phosphorus metabolic process phosphorylation pigment biosynthetic process pigment metabolic process platelet activation polyamine metabolic process porphyrin-containing compound metabolic process positive regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway positive regulation of biological process positive regulation of catalytic activity positive regulation of cell cycle arrest positive regulation of cell cycle process positive regulation of cellular metabolic process positive regulation of cellular process positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process positive regulation of cytoskeleton organization positive regulation of DNA repair positive regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway positive regulation of interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway positive regulation of ligase activity positive regulation of macromolecule metabolic process positive regulation of metabolic process positive regulation of molecular function positive regulation of multi-organism process positive regulation of protein metabolic process positive regulation of protein modification process positive regulation of protein ubiquitination positive regulation of reproductive process positive regulation of response to DNA damage stimulus positive regulation of response to interferon-gamma positive regulation of translation positive regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity positive regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity involved in mitotic cell cycle positive regulation of viral reproduction positive regulation of viral transcription posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression primary metabolic process production of molecular mediator involved in inflammatory response programmed cell death proteasomal protein catabolic process proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process proteasome assembly protein autophosphorylation protein catabolic process protein complex assembly protein complex biogenesis protein complex subunit organization protein folding protein import protein import into mitochondrial inner membrane protein import into mitochondrial outer membrane protein localization to mitochondrion protein localization to organelle protein metabolic process protein modification by small protein conjugation protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal protein modification process protein oligomerization protein phosphorylation protein polymerization protein polyubiquitination protein targeting protein targeting to mitochondrion protein transmembrane transport protein ubiquitination proteolysis proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process pseudouridine synthesis pteridine-containing compound biosynthetic process pteridine-containing compound metabolic process purine nucleobase biosynthetic process purine nucleoside biosynthetic process purine nucleoside catabolic process purine nucleoside metabolic process purine nucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process purine nucleoside monophosphate metabolic process purine nucleoside triphosphate catabolic process purine nucleoside triphosphate metabolic process purine nucleotide catabolic process purine nucleotide metabolic process purine ribonucleoside biosynthetic process purine ribonucleoside catabolic process purine ribonucleoside metabolic process purine ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process purine ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolic process purine ribonucleoside salvage purine ribonucleoside triphosphate catabolic process purine ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process purine ribonucleotide catabolic process purine ribonucleotide metabolic process purine-containing compound biosynthetic process purine-containing compound catabolic process purine-containing compound metabolic process pyrimidine nucleoside triphosphate metabolic process pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthetic process pyruvate metabolic process recombinational repair regulation of acetyl-CoA biosynthetic process from pyruvate regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization regulation of actin filament length regulation of actin filament-based process regulation of actin polymerization or depolymerization regulation of apoptotic process regulation of biological process regulation of biological quality regulation of biosynthetic process regulation of body fluid levels regulation of catalytic activity regulation of cell cycle regulation of cell cycle arrest regulation of cell cycle process regulation of cell death regulation of cellular amine metabolic process regulation of cellular amino acid metabolic process regulation of cellular biosynthetic process regulation of cellular component organization regulation of cellular ketone metabolic process regulation of cellular macromolecule biosynthetic process regulation of cellular metabolic process regulation of cellular process regulation of cellular protein metabolic process regulation of coenzyme metabolic process regulation of cofactor metabolic process regulation of cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity regulation of cytoskeleton organization regulation of DNA metabolic process regulation of DNA replication regulation of DNA-dependent DNA replication regulation of execution phase of apoptosis regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle regulation of gene expression regulation of gene expression, epigenetic regulation of gene silencing regulation of glucose transport regulation of interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway regulation of interphase of mitotic cell cycle regulation of ligase activity regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process regulation of macromolecule metabolic process regulation of metabolic process regulation of mitosis regulation of mitotic cell cycle regulation of mitotic cell cycle spindle assembly checkpoint regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition regulation of molecular function regulation of mRNA processing regulation of mRNA splicing, via spliceosome regulation of multi-organism process regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process regulation of nuclear division regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process regulation of organelle organization regulation of phosphorus metabolic process regulation of primary metabolic process regulation of programmed cell death regulation of protein metabolic process regulation of protein modification process regulation of protein ubiquitination regulation of response to stress regulation of RNA splicing regulation of tight junction assembly regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase I promoter regulation of translation regulation of translational initiation regulation of translational initiation in response to stress regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity regulation of ubiquitin-protein ligase activity involved in mitotic cell cycle regulation of viral reproduction regulation of viral transcription renal filtration cell differentiation reproduction reproductive process respiratory electron transport chain response to cytokine stimulus response to DNA damage stimulus response to ionizing radiation response to organic substance response to oxidative stress response to stimulus response to stress ribonucleoprotein complex assembly ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis ribonucleoprotein complex subunit organization ribonucleoside biosynthetic process ribonucleoside catabolic process ribonucleoside metabolic process ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolic process ribonucleoside triphosphate catabolic process ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process ribonucleotide biosynthetic process ribonucleotide catabolic process ribonucleotide metabolic process ribose phosphate biosynthetic process ribose phosphate metabolic process ribosome assembly ribosome biogenesis RNA 3'-end processing RNA biosynthetic process RNA capping RNA catabolic process RNA export from nucleus RNA localization RNA metabolic process RNA methylation RNA modification RNA processing RNA splicing RNA splicing, via transesterification reactions RNA splicing, via transesterification reactions with bulged adenosine as nucleophile RNA transport rRNA metabolic process rRNA processing rRNA transcription S phase S phase of mitotic cell cycle serine family amino acid biosynthetic process serine family amino acid metabolic process signal transduction by p53 class mediator signal transduction in response to DNA damage signal transduction involved in cell cycle checkpoint signal transduction involved in DNA damage checkpoint signal transduction involved in DNA integrity checkpoint signal transduction involved in G1/S transition checkpoint signal transduction involved in mitotic cell cycle checkpoint signal transduction involved in mitotic cell cycle G1/S checkpoint signal transduction involved in mitotic cell cycle G1/S transition DNA damage checkpoint single-organism biosynthetic process single-organism carbohydrate catabolic process single-organism cellular process single-organism metabolic process single-organism process small molecule biosynthetic process small molecule metabolic process spindle assembly checkpoint spindle checkpoint spindle organization spliceosomal complex assembly spliceosomal snRNP assembly steroid biosynthetic process sterol biosynthetic process sulfur amino acid biosynthetic process sulfur amino acid metabolic process symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism telomere maintenance telomere maintenance via recombination telomere maintenance via semi-conservative replication telomere maintenance via telomere lengthening telomere organization termination of RNA polymerase I transcription termination of RNA polymerase II transcription termination of RNA polymerase III transcription tetrahydrofolate metabolic process thioester metabolic process tight junction assembly transcription elongation from RNA polymerase I promoter transcription elongation from RNA polymerase II promoter transcription elongation from RNA polymerase III promoter transcription from mitochondrial promoter transcription from RNA polymerase I promoter transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter transcription from RNA polymerase III promoter transcription initiation from RNA polymerase I promoter transcription, DNA-dependent transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair translation translational initiation transport tricarboxylic acid cycle tRNA aminoacylation tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation tRNA metabolic process tRNA modification tRNA processing ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process viral genome expression viral infectious cycle viral reproduction viral reproductive process viral transcription virus-host interaction wound healing Pathway Associations This stage is enriched for 112 KEGG pathways. 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Acute myeloid leukemia Adipocytokine signaling pathway African trypanosomiasis Aldosterone-regulated sodium reabsorption Allograft rejection Alzheimer's disease Amoebiasis Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Antigen processing and presentation Apoptosis Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (A Asthma Autoimmune thyroid disease Axon guidance B cell receptor signaling pathway Bacterial invasion of epithelial cells Basal cell carcinoma Bile secretion Bladder cancer Calcium signaling pathway Carbohydrate digestion and absorption Cell cycle Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis) Chemokine signaling pathway Chronic myeloid leukemia Circadian rhythm - mammal Colorectal cancer Complement and coagulation cascades Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction Cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway Dilated cardiomyopathy Dorso-ventral axis formation ECM-receptor interaction Endometrial cancer Epithelial cell signaling in Helicobacter pylori i ErbB signaling pathway Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis Focal adhesion Gap junction Gastric acid secretion Glioma GnRH signaling pathway Graft-versus-host disease Hedgehog signaling pathway Hepatitis C Huntington's disease Insulin signaling pathway Intestinal immune network for IgA production Jak-STAT signaling pathway Leishmaniasis Leukocyte transendothelial migration Long-term depression Long-term potentiation Lysosome Malaria MAPK signaling pathway Maturity onset diabetes of the young Melanogenesis Melanoma mTOR signaling pathway Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction Neurotrophin signaling pathway NOD-like receptor signaling pathway Non-small cell lung cancer Notch signaling pathway Olfactory transduction Oocyte meiosis Osteoclast differentiation p53 signaling pathway Pancreatic cancer Pancreatic secretion Parkinson's disease Pathogenic Escherichia coli infection Pathways in cancer Phosphatidylinositol signaling system Phototransduction PPAR signaling pathway Prion diseases Progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation Prostate cancer Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum Regulation of actin cytoskeleton Regulation of autophagy Renal cell carcinoma Rheumatoid arthritis RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway RNA degradation RNA transport Salivary secretion Shigellosis Small cell lung cancer SNARE interactions in vesicular transport Staphylococcus aureus infection Sulfur relay system Systemic lupus erythematosus T cell receptor signaling pathway Taste transduction TGF-beta signaling pathway Thyroid cancer Tight junction Toll-like receptor signaling pathway Toxoplasmosis Type I diabetes mellitus Type II diabetes mellitus Vascular smooth muscle contraction Vasopressin-regulated water reabsorption VEGF signaling pathway Vibrio cholerae infection Viral myocarditis Wnt signaling pathway Disease Associations There are 37 diseases overrepresented in this stage. Aplastic anemia Bloom syndrome Breast cancer Breast malignant phyllodes tumor Cancer Disease Disease of anatomical entity Disease of cellular proliferation Embryonal carcinoma Female reproductve organ cancer Genetic skin disease Genitourinary cancer Hematologic cancer Lactic acidosis Leigh disease Leukemia MELAS syndrome Mitochondrial disease Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy Mitochondrial myopathy Nijmegen breakage syndrome Nonketotic hyperglycinemia Ocular cancer Organ system cancer Ovarian cancer Reproductive organ cancer Retinal cancer Retinal cell cancer Retinoblastoma Roberts syndrome Rothmund-Thomson syndrome Sideroblastic anemia Spinal muscular atrophy Squamous cell carcinoma Thoracic cancer Vaccinia Werner syndrome